| Condition | Symptoms | Pathophysiological Mechanisms |
|---|---|---|
| Intestinal Stenosis | – Paroxysmal pain (sudden cramping episodes) – Gastrointestinal dysfunction (e.g., irregular bowel movements) – Malnutrition (weight loss, vitamin deficiencies) | – Caused by adhesions post-surgery, Crohn’s disease strictures, or tumors . Reduced lumen diameter leads to partial/complete obstruction, impairing nutrient absorption and triggering visceral hypersensitivity . |
| Intestinal Expansion | – Flatulence (excessive gas production) – Occasional abdominal pain (localized or diffuse) – Absorption and excretion disorders (steatorrhea, electrolyte imbalances) | – Results from bacterial overgrowth, dysmotility (e.g., paralytic ileus), or mechanical obstruction. Gas accumulation distends intestinal walls, altering peristalsis and causing referred pain . |
| Intestinal Diverticulum | – Digestion and malabsorption (bloating, fatty stools) – Bowel irregularities (constipation/diarrhea) – Periodic abdominal pain (often postprandial) – Chills, loss of appetite (systemic inflammation signs) | – Congenital (e.g., intraluminal duodenal diverticulum) or acquired (e.g., colonic diverticulosis). Stagnation of food particles promotes bacterial proliferation, inducing localized inflammation and mucosal injury . |
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