اک: هڪ صحت مند جسم جو نقشو نظر
Iridology مطابق اکين جي iris سڄي جسم لاء هڪ بليو پرنٽ وانگر آهي. Iridologists يقين رکون ٿا ته اک هڪ شخص جي موروثي قوتن ۽ ڪمزورين لاء هڪ پيچيده نقشو آهي. انهن پڙهندڙن لاءِ جيڪي نه ڄاڻندا آهن ته Iridology ڇا آهي- اهو هڪ متبادل طبي ٽيڪنڪ آهي جيڪو استعمال ڪري ٿو نمونن، رنگن، ۽ ٻين خاصيتن کي Iris جي مريض جي سسٽماتي صحت بابت معلومات جو تعين ڪرڻ لاءِ. لازمي طور تي، Iridologists يقين رکون ٿا ته اهي پنهنجي اکين جي مشاهدي کي اکين جي چارٽ سان ملائي سگهن ٿا، جيڪو آئرس کي زونن ۾ ورهائي ٿو. اهي زون انساني جسم جي مخصوص حصن سان ملن ٿا. Iridologists يقين رکون ٿا ته اهي اهي چارٽ استعمال ڪري سگهن ٿا انهن جي وچ ۾ فرق ڪرڻ لاءِ صحتمند نظام ۽ جسم ۾ عضون ۽ اهي جيڪي ممڪن طور تي وڌيڪ فعال ، سوزش يا پريشان هوندا.
Iridology جي هڪ تمام ڊگهي تاريخ آهي، 17هين، 18هين ۽ 19هين صديءَ ۾، آئرس جي نشانين تي لکڻيون ۽ ڪم ۽ انهن جي معنائن کي خاص طور تي طبي ماهرن طرفان رڪارڊ ڪيو ويو. Iridology جي سڀ کان مشهور ۽ ابتدائي ماهرن مان هڪ ڊاڪٽر Ignatz von Peczely هو.
يوٽيوب ويڊيو جي مطابق، ڊاڪٽر اگناٽز وون پيڪسلي، هڪ هنگري ڊاڪٽر ۽ ويانا ميڊيڪل ڪاليج جو سرجن، جراحي جي عمل کان اڳ ۽ بعد ۾ مريضن جي اريسس جو مطالعو ڪندو ۽ ان جي ڳولا کي رڪارڊ ڪندو. 1818ع ۾ ڊاڪٽر اگناٽز وان پيڪسلي پنهنجي تحقيق ۽ اکين جو نقشو ڪتاب ’Discoveries in the Realms of Nature and Art of Healing‘ ۾ شايع ڪيو.
Iridology 18 هين صدي کان وٺي هڪ ڊگهو رستو اختيار ڪيو آهي، ڊاڪٽر برنارڊ جينسن وانگر ماڻهن جي تحقيق تحت وڏيون قدمن سان. ڊاڪٽر جينسن سڄي آمريڪا ۽ ٻين 65 ملڪن جو سفر ڪيو ۽ ماڻهن جي صحت جي چونڊ، غذائي انتخاب ۽ ثقافتن جو مشاهدو ڪيو. هن کي ڊگهي عمر ۾ دلچسپي هئي. هن پنهنجي سڀني سفرن ذريعي جيڪو معلوم ڪيو اهو هو ته 80 سيڪڙو جيڪي Iridologists irises ۾ ڏسندا آهن انهن کي انهن جي مريضن جي جينياتيات بابت ٻڌائي ٿو. پنهنجي مشق جي شروعات کان وٺي ڊاڪٽر جينسن پنهنجي دور ۾ 350,000 کان وڌيڪ مريضن جي خدمت ڪئي آهي. هن ۾ شامل آهن اداڪار، فنڪار، ۽ ٻيا مشهور ماڻهو. ڊاڪٽر برنارڊ جينسن جي سرپرست ايلن ٽارٽ جينسن، پي ايڇ ڊي، ڊي ايس سي. CCII ڪاميابيءَ سان استعمال ڪيو آهي Iridology آن گريمي ايوارڊ کٽيندڙ ڳائڻي گيتوڪر جيول.
ويڊيو ۾ زيور حقيقت جي باري ۾ تمام ايماندار هو ته هوء پهرين ۾ Iridology بابت شڪ هئي. هن سوچيو ته اهو آواز ”پام ريڊنگ“ وانگر آهي، پر پوءِ هڪ وڏو حامي بڻجي ويو جڏهن Iridologist ڊاڪٽر ايلن ٽارٽ-جينسن، هن جي اکين کي ڏسڻ کان، گردئن جي مسئلي کي معلوم ڪرڻ جي قابل ٿي ويو، سڀني معياري طبي ڊاڪٽرن کي ڪجهه به غلط نه سمجهي. جڏهن ته حقيقت ۾ جيول پنهنجي گردن ۾ دائمي انفيڪشن ۾ مبتلا هو. پر ايلين ٽارٽ جينسن سان گڏ ڪم ڪرڻ ۽ نئين غذائي منصوبي تي هن جون سفارشون وٺڻ سان، جيول ڪڏهن کان صحت مند آهي.
اسان، Infinite Iris تي، ايلن ٽارٽ جينسن جي جديد ترين اي-ٽيڪسٽ بڪ ٽيڪنڪس کي Iris Analysis ۾ فروغ ڏيڻ تي فخر محسوس ڪريون ٿا. اي-ٽيڪسٽ بڪ، جنوري جي شروعات ۾ myinfiniteiris.com تي دستياب هوندو، پر ڇپيل هارڊڪوور اڄ bernardjensen.com تي دستياب آهن.
Iridilogy حقيقي يا جعلي
اھڙا ڪيترائي طبي علم سائنس آھن جيڪي ثابت قدمي يا افاديت جي ثبوت جي مڪمل کوٽ جي باوجود جاري آھن. ڪجهه عمل انهن جي اصليت جي ثقافت مان نڪرندا هئا، يا اڳئين سائنسي دور جي رائج خيالن مان نڪرندا هئا، جڏهن ته ٻيا شايد چڱي معنيٰ رکندڙ پر انتهائي گمراهه ڪندڙ انفرادي عملي جي تصور مان ٺاهيا ويا هئا. اهي صرف ٺهيل هئا - هوميوپيٿي، مثال طور، يا subluxation نظريو.
Iridology belongs to this latter category – a system of diagnosis that was invented entirely by Ignatz Peczely, a Hungarian physician who first published his ideas in 1893. The story goes that Peczely as a boy found an owl with a broken leg. At the time he noticed a prominent black stripe in the iris of one eye of the owl. He nursed the bird back to health and then noticed that the black line was gone, replaced by ragged white lines. From this single observation Peczely developed the notion of iridology.
پيزيلي جو خيال هو ته آئرس ڪنهن نه ڪنهن طريقي سان جسم جي باقي حصن ڏانهن نقش ٿي ويندا آهن، ان ڪري آئرس ۾ رنگ جا ڦڙا جسم جي مختلف حصن جي صحت جي حالت کي ظاهر ڪن ٿا. تشخيص يا علاج جي هن بنيادي طريقي کي هومونڪولس اپروچ سڏيو ويندو آهي - اهو خيال آهي ته جسم جو هڪ حصو باقي جسم ڏانهن نقشو ڪري ٿو، بشمول عضوي سسٽم. Reflexology، auricular ايڪوپنڪچر، ۽ اڃا تائين سڌو chiropractic هن طريقي جي پيروي ڪندا آهن.
اھو اھو آھي جيڪو اڳتي ھلي سگھي ٿو: پنھنجي شروعاتي مشاهدن کي شايع ڪرڻ کان پوء، پيڪسلي پنھنجي خيالن کي چڱي طرح ڊزائين ڪيل مشاهدن سان جانچڻ لاء تيار ڪيو جيڪي پنھنجي مفروضي کي غلط ثابت ڪرڻ جي قابل ھئا. هن احتياط سان تشريحاتي، پر چڱيءَ طرح قائم ڪيل، آئيني ۽ صحت جي وچ ۾ تعلق بابت حقيقتون ٺاهيون. بعد ۾، انااتومسٽ هن رابطي جي بنيادي ميکانيزم کي دريافت ڪيو - iris ۽ باقي جسم جي وچ ۾ رابطي جو هڪ وسيع نظام. آئيرس ڪنيڪشن تي وڌيڪ تحقيق ڪئي وئي، ۽ بعد ۾ طبي سائنسدانن اناتومي ۽ فزيالوجي جي هن دلچسپ پہلو کي استحصال ڪرڻ لاء وڌيڪ ۽ وڌيڪ طريقا ڳوليا.
Of course, this is not what happened. Peczely did not do any serious scientific research. Rather, he simply invented a pseudoscience, by drawing maps of the iris that were as much a product of his imagination as observation, and were largely the result of confirmation bias. He did not perform blinded studies, or produce the kind of evidence that could separate a real phenomenon from an imaginary one. Iridology, as his practice became known, is the N-rays of medical diagnosis. Further, no subsequent science has supported the plausibility or reality of iridology. There is no underlying anatomy or physiology that can explain how the iris would reflect the state of function of any other part of the body.
اهو، بدقسمتي سان، هڪ صدي کان وڌيڪ عرصي تائين طبي محاذ تي رهڻ کان iridology کي روڪيو ناهي. iridology جي جديد مقبوليت، خاص طور تي آمريڪا ۾، برنارڊ جينسن نالي هڪ chiropractor ڏانهن واپس ڳولي سگهجي ٿو. هن ڪتاب شايع ڪيو، The Science and Practice of Iridology in 1952. Iridology، or iris diagnosis، جو ڪم نام نهاد متبادل ماهرن طرفان جاري آهي، جن ۾ ڪي chiropractors ۽ naturopaths شامل آهن. اهو ڪڏهن به هڪ جائز طبي مشق طور تسليم نه ڪيو ويو آهي. مثال طور، $150 لاءِ نيچروپيٿ فرينڪ نيوراٽيل توهان جي اکين جي ڊجيٽل تصوير مان توهان جي تشخيص ڪندو.
گهڻو ڪري آئيرس جي تشخيص (جيڪو سافٽ ويئر جي تجزيي سان پڻ ٿي سگهي ٿو) اضافي لاء سفارشون ڏئي ٿو، جيڪي آساني سان iridologist طرفان وڪرو ڪيا ويا آهن. هتي هڪ وضاحت آهي ته ڪيئن iridology هڪ حامي طرفان استعمال ڪيو ويندو آهي:
آئيرس جسم جي هر حصي ۽ عضون جي بدلجندڙ حالتن کي ظاهر ڪري ٿو. جسم جو هر عضوو ۽ حصو هڪ چڱي طرح بيان ڪيل علائقي ۾ iris ۾ پيش ڪيو ويندو آهي. ان کان علاوه، مختلف نشانين، نشانين، ۽ آئرس ۾ بي رنگ ٿيڻ جي ذريعي، فطرت وراثت ۾ مليل ڪمزورين ۽ طاقتن کي ظاهر ڪري ٿو.
هن فن/سائنس جي ذريعي، هڪ iridologist (جيڪو اکين جي رنگن ۽ فائبر جي ساخت جو مطالعو ڪري ٿو) هڪ فرد کي ٻڌائي سگهي ٿو ته هن جي وراثت ۽ حاصل ڪيل صحت ۽ بيماري ڏانهن رجحان، عام طور تي هن جي موجوده حالت، ۽ خاص طور تي هر عضوي جي حالت.
Iridology ڪنهن خاص بيماري کي ڳولي نه ٿو سگهي، پر، هڪ فرد کي ٻڌائي سگهي ٿو ته انهن جي جسم جي مخصوص علائقن ۾ سرگرمي کان مٿي يا گهٽ آهي. مثال طور، هڪ غير فعال پينڪرياز شايد ذیابيطس جي حالت کي ظاهر ڪري سگھن ٿا.
ٻيون سائيٽون احتياط ڪن ٿيون ته iridology حمل جي تشخيص نه ٿي ڪري سگهي، ڇاڪاڻ ته اها جسم جي هڪ قدرتي حالت آهي، ۽ اڳئين سرجري جي تشخيص پڻ نه ٿي سگهي، جيئن ته ڪجهه به جيڪو بيشماريء جي تحت ٿئي ٿو انهن سگنلن کي بلاڪ ڪري ڇڏيندو جيڪا ٻي صورت ۾ آئيرس کي تبديل ڪندي. ٻين لفظن ۾ - iridology صرف توهان کي بيماري جي حساسيت جي باري ۾ ٻڌائي ٿو - اهو اصل ۾ بيماري يا ڪنهن ٻئي تصديق ٿيل حالت جي تشخيص نٿو ڪري سگهي. هن استدلال کي خاص التجا سڏيو ويندو آهي - هر حقيقت لاءِ هڪ خاص استدلال جي ايجاد جيڪا ٻي صورت ۾ دعويٰ يا عقيدي کي غلط ثابت ڪري سگهي ٿي. Iridology، ظاهري طور تي، صرف انهن شين کي سمجهي سگهي ٿو جن جي تصديق يا غلط ثابت نه ٿي سگهي.
جيڪو توهان ختم ڪيو آهي اهو هڪ طبي ٿڌو پڙهڻ آهي - ساڳي طرح جيڪو هڪ ذهني ماهر دماغي پڙهڻ يا نفسياتي طاقتن جو وهم پيدا ڪرڻ لاءِ ڪندو آهي. جڏهن ته "پڙهڻ" جي iris iridologist ڪجهه صحت جي مسئلن بابت پڇي سگهي ٿو. جيڪڏهن اهي موجود آهن، ته iridology جي تصديق ڪرڻ لاء استعمال ڪيو ويندو آهي. جيڪڏهن غير حاضر آهي، ته موضوع صرف غائب مسئلو لاء حساسيت آهي.
Iridology lacks any plausibility and its history is that of a pseudoscience, not a legitimate practice. But still we listen to the best scientific evidence in determining whether or not iridology is real. Perhaps Peczely got lucky and made a correct observation despite his lack of scientific confirmation. If iridologists could demonstrate that their readings provide real information, then we would have to take their claims seriously.
In 2000 Edzard Ernst (not surprisingly) published a systematic review of iridology research. He concluded:
In conclusion, few controlled studies with masked evaluation of diagnostic validity have been published. None have found any benefit from iridology. As iridology has the potential for causing personal and economic harm, patients and therapists should be discouraged from using it.
As with N-rays, when blinding is introduced iridology is exposed as a complete fiction. Under controlled conditions iridologists cannot agree with each other as to diagnosis, and cannot distinguish healthy subjects of very ill subjects. Since the Ernst review I found one other well-controlled study of iridology, this one in cancer diagnosis. From the abstract:
SUBJECTS:
One hundred ten (110) subjects were enrolled in the study: 68 subjects had histologically proven cancers of the breast, ovary, uterus, prostate, or colorectum, and 42 were control subjects.
METHODS:
All subjects were examined by an experienced practitioner of iridology, who was unaware of their gender or medical details. He was allowed to suggest up to five diagnoses for each subject and his results were then compared with each subject’s medical diagnosis to determine the accuracy of iridology in detecting malignancy.
RESULTS:
Iridology identified the correct diagnosis in only 3 cases (sensitivity, 0.04).
CONCLUSION:
Iridology was of no value in diagnosing the cancers investigated in this study
There are no well designed studies that are positive.
Conclusion: Iridology is bunk
Iridology is an excellent example of pseudoscience in medicine, displaying many of the core features. It was invented by one individual based upon a single observation. It follows a pre-scientific notion of biology – the homunculus model. It lacks any basis in anatomy, physiology, or any other basic science. Its practitioners are mostly “alternative” practitioners who use the technique as a cold reading. And the research clearly shows that iridology has absolutely no effect – it does not provide any useful information at all.
Anyone using or promoting iridology is, therefore, a pseudoscientific practitioner. Any profession that endorses iridology is not science-based and should be looked upon with suspicion.
Iridology real work
The difficulty with proving iridology as a science is that there are no studies being accomplished in North America, yet, there are several studies from other countries that show great reliability of iridology as valid diagnostic tool.
For example, three recent studies showing good success in detecting diabetes:
Journal Article: Learning to predict diabetes from iris image analysis:
https://inderscience.metapress.com/content/e3670g62754562pj/
Journal Article: Early Detection on the Condition of Pancreas Organ as the Cause of Diabetes Mellitus by Real Time Iris Image Processing:
https://www.iridologyinternational.com/node/1442
Journal Article: Abnormal condition detection of pancreatic Beta-cells as the cause of Diabetes Mellitus based on iris image:
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6108614
And some interesting iridology studies that were accomplished in Russia:
https://www.iridologyinternational.com/content/russian-iridology-clinical-studies
What Iridology can Reveals-Dr. Jim Jinks
Inherently weak organs, glands and tissues.
Inherently strong organs, glands and tissues.
Constitutional strength or weakness.
What organ is in greatest need of repair and rebuilding.
Relative amounts of toxic settlements in organs, glands and tissues.
Stages of tissue inflammation and activity.
Where inflammation is located in the body.
Under activity or sluggishness of the bowel.
Spastic conditions or ballooned conditions of the bowel.
The need for acidophilus in the bowel.
Prolapsus of the transverse colon.
Nervous condition or inflammation of the bowel.
High-risk tissue areas in the body that may be leading to a disease.
Pressure on the heart.
Circulation level in various organs
Nerve force and nerve depletion.
Hyperactivity or hypo activity of organs, glands or tissues.
Influence of one organ on another, contribution of one organ to a condition elsewhere in the body.
Lymphatic system congestion.
Poor assimilation of nutrients.
Depletion of minerals in any organ, gland or tissue.
Relative ability of an organ, gland or tissue to hold nutrients.
Results of physical or mental fatigue on the body.
Need for rest to build up immunity.
Tissue areas contributing to suppressed or buried symptoms.
High or low sex drive.
A genetic pattern of inherent weaknesses and their influence on other organs, glands and tissues.
Pre-clinical stages of potential diabetes, cardiovascular conditions and other diseases.
Miasms.
Recuperative ability and the health level of the body.
Build up of toxic material before the materialization of disease.
Genetic weaknesses affecting the nerves, blood supply and mineralization of bones.
Genetic influence on any symptoms present.
Healing signs indicating an increase in strength in an organ, gland or tissue.
Bone marrow problems.
Potential for varicose veins in legs as shown by inherent weakness.
Positive and negative nutritional needs of the body.
Probably allergy to wheat.
Sources of infection.
Acidity of the body or catarrh development, as indicated by acute signs in the iris.
Suppression of catarrh, as indicated by sub acute or chronic signs in the iris.
Condition of the tissue in any part of the body or all parts of the body at one time.
Climate and altitude best for patient.
Potential contributions to sterility.
Effects of polluted environment.
Adrenal suppression, which may indicate low blood pressure, lack of energy, slowed tissue repair, deficiencies of vitamin C and adrenaline.
Resistance to disease, as shown by amount of toxic settlements in the body.
Relationship or unity of symptoms with conditions in organs, glands and tissues.
The difference between a healing crisis and a disease crisis.
The workings of Hering’s Law of Cure.
Whether a particular program or therapy is working or not.
The quality of nerve force in the body.
Response to treatment; how well the body is healing itself and at what rate.
The “whole” overall health level of the body as a unified structure.
Iridology جي تاريخ
Examining a person’s eyes to help determine their health is an ancient practice dating back at least as far as the ancient Greeks.
The first explicit description of iridological principles such as homo-laterality (without using the word iridology) are found in Chiromatica Medica, a famous work published in 1665 and reprinted in 1670 and 1691 by Philippus Meyeus (Philip Meyen von Coburg).The first use of the word Augendiagnostik (“eye diagnosis,” loosely translated as iridology) began with Ignatz von Peczely, a 19th-century Hungarian physician. The most common story is that he got the idea for this diagnostic tool after seeing similar streaks in the eyes of a man he was treating for a broken leg and the eyes of an owl whose leg von Peczely had broken many years before. At the First International Iridological Congress of Iridology, Ignaz von Peczely’s nephew, Dr August von Peczely, dismissed this myth as an apocryphal, and maintained that such claims were irreproducible.German contribution in the Naturheilkunde field is due to a minister Pastor Felke, who developed a form of homeopathy for treating specific illnesses and described new iris signs in the early 1900s.
However, Pastor Felke was subject to long and bitter litigation. The Pastor Felke Institute in Heimshiem, Germany was established as a leading center of iridologic research and training.Iridology became popular in the United States in the 1950s, when Bernard Jensen, an American chiropractor, began giving classes in his own method. This is in direct relationship with P. Johannes Thiel, Eduard Lahn (becoming an American under the name of Edward Lane) and J Haskell Kritzer. Jensen insisted on the body’s exposure to toxins, and the use of natural foods as detoxifiers.Few medical researchers managed to secure funding to study the possible non-visual functions of the eye. In a paper published in Medical Hypotheses, one such group tried to explain the observed patterns of iris transparency that distribute light into the ora serrata (the edge of the optic retina) by postulating a so-called functio ocularis systemica. Based on this hypothesis, the researchers have developed the experimental trans-iridal light therapy method; however, no independent confirmation of the theory and method exists to date. Other results from the mentioned research include early attempts at computerized iris imaging for the purpose of iridologic diagnosis.
MAIKONG IRIDOLOGY سافٽ ويئر تنصيب ۽ آپريشن
